Florida Power & Light (2023)
0. At‑a‑Glance Metrics
SSS retail sales (MWh): 127,522,613
Zero‑carbon MWh allocated to SSS: ~29,300,000 (nuclear)
SSS zero‑carbon share (%): ~23%
Supplier‑Specific Emission Factor (SSEF): ~315 kg CO₂e/MWh
Coverage: Annual baseline; Hourly extension optional
Data confidence: High (regulatory/public datasets; bottom‑up SSEF)
Data vintage: 2023 EIA 861/923; 2021 eGRID adjusted to 2023
Data path: Public Fallback
1. Scope and Definitions
SSS: Default electricity service provided by FPL under regulated tariffs, serving all retail customers not enrolled in voluntary green programs (e.g., SolarTogether). Legal entity: Florida Power & Light Company.
SSS Bundle: Paired dataset of (i) SSS‑retired zero‑carbon MWh and (ii) SSEF for market‑based Scope 2.
Zero‑Carbon Resources: Nuclear generation embedded in default supply and any renewables backed by RECs retired for SSS; excludes voluntary program RECs and externally sold attributes. For 2023, only nuclear qualifies.
SSEF: Utility‑specific market‑based emission factor (kg CO₂e/MWh) after subtracting zero‑carbon MWh.
Boundary: FPL’s vertically integrated service territory in peninsular Florida (formerly FRCC region), outside ISO/RTOs; no retail choice; imports/exports immaterial for SSS claims.
2. Data‑Source Inventory
Priority follows ../methodologies/sss-methodology.md (utility‑attested preferred; public fallback used here):
Retail sales: U.S. EIA Form 861 (2023).
Compliance mandates & REC retirements: Florida PSC dockets; DSIRE Florida (no RPS/CES); no compliance tracking system required.
Generation by plant/fuel: EIA Form 923 (2023); FPL Ten‑Year Site Plan (2023); NextEra Energy Form 10‑K.
Emission factors: EPA eGRID (2021 FRCC baseline) adjusted qualitatively to 2023 mix; FPL fuel‑mix disclosures.
Certificate treatment: FPL SolarTogether program documentation (REC exclusion for non‑subscribers).
Regional planning/context: FRCC Load & Resource Plan; EIA Florida state energy profile.
All sources reflect public data with retrieval primarily in early 2024; see Section 7 for citations.
3. Workflow (Replicable Steps)
Step 1: Define Market Boundary Identify FPL’s regulated, vertically integrated territory in peninsular Florida. SSS covers all default load under PSC oversight. Legal entity: Florida Power & Light Company.
Step 2: Extract Retail‑Sales Volumes Use EIA Form 861 total retail sales for 2023: 127,522,613 MWh (all sectors). Excludes voluntary green‑program opt‑ins from SSS attribution.
Step 3: Quantify Compliance Obligations & REC Retirements Florida has no RPS/CES mandate (DSIRE/PSC). Compliance obligations = 0 MWh; SSS REC retirements = 0 MWh. Voluntary program RECs (e.g., SolarTogether) excluded from SSS. Public disclosures indicate solar RECs sold externally when not retired for subscribers.
Step 4: Identify Non‑RPS Zero‑Carbon SSS Resources Eligible embedded zero‑carbon generation:
Nuclear: ~29.3 million MWh from Turkey Point, St. Lucie, and Farley units (EIA/FPL filings). Treated as zero‑carbon within SSS (no RECs required).
Hydro/Other: Negligible in 2023 for FPL.
Solar: Physical MWh present but attributes sold or retired for voluntary programs; excluded from SSS zero‑carbon total.
Step 5: Assemble SSS‑Retired Zero‑Carbon MWh (SSS Bundle) Formula: SSS_REC_MWh = RPS_retired_MWh (0) + Eligible_public_asset_MWh (~29.3M nuclear) − RECs_sold_externally_MWh − Voluntary_program_RECs_MWh. Result: ~29.3 million MWh zero‑carbon (all nuclear) ≈ ~21–23% of retail sales.
Step 6: Construct Supplier‑Specific Emission Factor (SSEF) No published utility SSEF integrating RECs; apply bottom‑up residual method per methodology:
Residual mix after subtracting nuclear ≈ ~79% fossil (primarily natural gas; <3% coal/oil).
Treat unbundled solar as fossil‑equivalent for emissions (avoid free pass).
Apply fuel‑specific factors (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) from eGRID FRCC baseline with 2023 adjustments. Estimated SSEF ≈ 0.315 t CO₂e/MWh (~315 kg CO₂e/MWh).
Step 7: Allocate Pro‑Rata Entitlement to Reporting Customer For customer load L_customer (MWh):
Claimable zero‑carbon MWh = (29.3M / 127.5M) × L_customer ≈ 23% of load.
Apply SSEF to remaining ~77% for market‑based Scope 2.
Step 8: Optional Hourly Proxy Not implemented (no hourly residual‑mix factors for FRCC). If future hourly residuals become available, apply subtraction per hour and disclose limitations when using annual proxies.
Step 9: QA/QC & Documentation Cross‑verify nuclear and retail sales vs. EIA and FPL filings; confirm zero compliance obligations; ensure no double‑counting (exclude voluntary RECs). Version‑stamp inputs; archive calculations (notebook/audit sheet).
4. Data‑Quality Hierarchy
Utility‑attested data and certificate‑tracking verification (not available; not used).
Regulatory filings and official statistical datasets (EIA, PSC, eGRID) — used.
Bottom‑up reconstructions with documented assumptions — applied for SSEF. Overall confidence: High for volumes; Medium‑High for SSEF estimate.
5. Region‑ / Utility‑Specific Adaptations
Policy context: Florida has no RPS/CES; voluntary solar programs strip RECs from SSS.
Market structure: Vertically integrated, non‑ISO regulated utility; SSS encompasses default service.
Voluntary programs: SolarTogether subscribers receive associated RECs; excluded from SSS bundle.
Fuel mix quirks: Heavy nuclear/gas; minimal coal/oil in 2023; limited hydro.
6. Limitations & Future Work
Annual baseline; hourly extension pending availability of hourly residual factors for FRCC.
Nuclear output approximated via EIA/filings; minor variations possible.
Treating sold solar attributes as fossil‑equivalent is conservative; refine if utility‑verified SSEF becomes available.
Plan annual refresh; monitor Florida policy changes; evaluate hourly proxies if credible datasets emerge.
7. Citations and Source Log
Provide full references with stable links and retrieval dates (primarily retrieved early 2024):
EIA Form 861 (2023): FPL retail sales volumes.
EIA Form 923 (2023): Nuclear generation (Turkey Point, St. Lucie, Farley).
EPA eGRID (2021, FRCC baseline): Fuel‑specific emission factors; adjusted to 2023.
Florida PSC dockets: FPL Ten‑Year Site Plan (2023) and fuel mix disclosures.
DSIRE Florida: Confirmation of no RPS/CES mandate.
NextEra Energy (FPL parent) Form 10‑K (2023): Ownership and portfolio context.
FRCC Load & Resource Plan (2023): Regional planning context.
FPL SolarTogether program FAQ: REC treatment for subscribers/non‑subscribers.
8. Versioning and Change Log
v0.2 (2025‑09‑28): Refactored to updated SSS methodology/template; added At‑a‑Glance metrics, clarified SSEF method, and citations log.
v0.1 (2024‑Q1): Initial public‑source estimate and narrative for 2023.
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